Mezheb bir gemi, hadisler ise denizdir. Gemiyi reddeden denizde bo\u011fulur.<\/p>\n
Baz\u0131 hadisler yorumu gerekli k\u0131l\u0131yor. Mezheb tan\u0131mayan nas\u0131l yorum yapacak? \u0130mam Muhammed helal ve haram hakk\u0131nda iki y\u00fcz bin mesele halletmi\u015f iken, Ebu Hanife altm\u0131\u015f bin mesele \u00e7\u00f6zm\u00fc\u015f iken, mezheb tan\u0131mayan hangi mesele hakk\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcm verebilir veya verdi\u011fi h\u00fckme ne kadar itibar edilir.<\/p>\n
Baz\u0131 hadislerin s\u0131hhati hakk\u0131nda, baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yorumu hakk\u0131nda ve baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n da neshedilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ulemaya m\u00fcracaat gerekli oluyor. Baz\u0131 hadisler alimin yorumunu gerekli k\u0131l\u0131yor. Mesela: \u201c\u00c7o\u011fu sarho\u015fluk veren \u015feyin az\u0131 da haramd\u0131r.\u201d hadisi hakk\u0131nda ulema \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: \u201cBu s\u0131v\u0131 i\u00e7kiler i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir. Kat\u0131 olan esrar ve afyon gibi sarho\u015fluk veren \u015feylere gelince bunlar\u0131n az\u0131 haram de\u011fildir ve kendileri necis de de\u011fildir. Nitekim ila\u00e7 sanayiinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve necis denmez.\u201d B\u00f6yle bir tesbit avam\u0131n yapaca\u011f\u0131 bir i\u015f de\u011fildir. \u0130slam f\u0131kh\u0131na vak\u0131f olan alimin yapaca\u011f\u0131 bir tesbittir.<\/p>\n
Haramda \u015fifa yoktur hadisi hakk\u0131nda da ulema \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: \u201cHaramda \u015fifa yoktur demek \u015fifa varsa haram de\u011fildir demektir.\u201d Mesela zaruret an\u0131nda \u015farap ve domuz eti yemekte beis yoktur. Bunu da bize bildiren fukahad\u0131r. Hadis okuyan avam\u0131n nazar\u0131 bu yerlere \u00e7\u0131kamaz. Bu konuda \u0130bn-i Abidin \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: \u201cHaramda \u015fifa oldu\u011fu bilinir; ba\u015fka ila\u00e7 da bilinmezse tedaviye ruhsat verilir. Nas\u0131l ki susuz kalan bir kimseye \u015farap i\u00e7mek i\u00e7in ruhsat verilmi\u015ftir.\u201d demi\u015flerdir. Fetva buna g\u00f6redir. Nitekim zaruret an\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fc eti yemek, \u015farap i\u00e7mek bu kabildendir. (\u0130. Abidin 1. Cilt, 316.- 317. Sh.)<\/p>\n
Neshedilen hadislere misal \u015fu hadis-i \u015feriftir: \u201cCenazeyi g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz vakit ona aya\u011fa kalk\u0131n! Sizi geride b\u0131rak\u0131ncaya veya yere konuluncaya kadar ayakta kal\u0131n.\u201d Bu hadis, Ebu Davud ile \u0130bni Mace\u2019nin, \u0130mam Ahmed\u2019in ve Tahavi\u2019nin bir\u00e7ok yollardan Hz. Ali\u2019den rivayet ettikleri \u201cRasulullah (s.a.v.) aya\u011fa kalkt\u0131. Sonra oturdu.\u201d hadisi ile neshedilmi\u015ftir. M\u00fcslim de bu manada bir hadis rivayet etmi\u015f ve \u201cVaktiyle var idi. Sonra neshedildi.\u201d demi\u015ftir. M\u00fcnye \u015ferhi. (\u0130. Abidin 3. Cilt, 480. Sh.)<\/p>\n
El-Has\u0131l: Ulema ile avam aras\u0131ndaki tek fark sadece hadis ezberlemek de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n
*Mezhep g\u00f6zl\u00fck mesabesindedir. Bir d\u00fcrb\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6remedi\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. Ger\u00e7e\u011fi g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n
Kur\u2019an ve s\u00fcnneti net g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n
Kim sana g\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc at diyorsa bil ki, o senin net g\u00f6rmeni istemiyor.<\/p>\n
Hanefi Ak\u0131l<\/p>\n
Hanefi mezhebinde \u0130slam\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin \u00f6z\u00fcne ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, mant\u0131kl\u0131 ve tutarl\u0131 izahlar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mesela \u0130slam be\u015f \u015feyi korumak i\u00e7in gelmi\u015ftir. Avam-\u0131 nasa gizli kalan mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ruhu Hanefi fukahas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ke\u015ffedilmi\u015ftir. Bu meselede deryadan damla olarak \u015fu misaller verilebilir.<\/p>\n
-Gus\u00fclde g\u00f6z\u00fcn i\u00e7i y\u0131kanmaz. Zira g\u00f6ze c\u00fcn\u00fcbl\u00fck sirayet etmez. O halde c\u00fcn\u00fcb\u00fcn Kur\u2019an\u2019a bakmas\u0131 caizdir.<\/p>\n
-Gus\u00fclde ellerin ve a\u011fz\u0131n y\u0131kanmas\u0131 farzd\u0131r. Zira bu azalara c\u00fcn\u00fcbl\u00fck sirayet eder. O halde c\u00fcn\u00fcb\u00fcn Kur\u2019an\u2019a el s\u00fcrmesi ve okumas\u0131 haramd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
-Abdestsizin a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131kamas\u0131 farz de\u011fildir. Zira abdestsizlik a\u011f\u0131za sirayet etmez. O halde abdestsiz kimse Kur\u2019an okur.<\/p>\n
-Abdestsizin ellerini y\u0131kamas\u0131 farzd\u0131r. Zira abdestsizlik ellere sirayet eder. O halde abdestsiz kimse Kur\u2019an\u2019a dokunamaz.<\/p>\n
Ebu Hanife\u2019nin i\u00e7tihadlar\u0131 yaz\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130zahlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu yaz\u0131lmad\u0131. E\u011fer alimleri ikna ederken s\u00f6yledikleri yaz\u0131lsa idi b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcmmet Hanefi olurdu.<\/p>\n
Ebu Hanife h\u00fckm\u00fcn illetini, hikmetini ve hangi kaideye dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tesbit ediyor. Emir ve yasaklar\u0131n temelindeki manalar\u0131 ke\u015ffediyor. Bunu da Allah vergisi olan zekas\u0131, akl\u0131 ve ilim g\u00fcc\u00fc ile yap\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Hanefi mezhebinde ince ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar ve hassas n\u00fckteler sa\u011flam \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerle takip edilmi\u015ftir. Akl\u0131 ve vicdan\u0131 ikna eden deliller konulmu\u015ftur. Mesela \u0130ftitah tekbiri \u015fart m\u0131d\u0131r r\u00fck\u00fcn m\u00fcd\u00fcr? Buna g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fen h\u00fck\u00fcmler vard\u0131r. Mesela mest \u00fczerine mesh hakk\u0131nda; mestin hadesin aya\u011fa sirayetine mani olma \u00f6zelli\u011finin oldu\u011funu izah etmesi, h\u00fck\u00fcmlerin mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 beyan eden konulardand\u0131r. Mesela abdest al\u0131rken \u00f6nce el sonra a\u011f\u0131z sonra burun y\u0131kanmas\u0131ndaki hikmet suyun test edilmesi ve abdestin temiz su ile al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Yani eli y\u0131karken suyun rengi, a\u011fz\u0131 y\u0131karken tad\u0131, burnu y\u0131karken kokusu test edilir. Sudaki necaset rengi, tad\u0131 ve kokusundan anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Rasulullah (s.a.v.): \u201cKa\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z rekatlar\u0131 kaza ediniz.\u201d buyurdu. Tamamlarsa vitire son rekatta yeti\u015fen iki defa kunut okur. Kunut, bir namaz i\u00e7inde tekrar edilemez. (Mebsut 1. Cilt, 338. Sh.)<\/p>\n
Bu meseleler m\u00fc\u00e7tehid akl\u0131 ile \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilen konulard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu mezhebde, vahiyle bildirilen meselelerden gelen manalar esas al\u0131narak h\u00fck\u00fcmler \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r ve bu h\u00fck\u00fcmler vahiy ile bildirilmeyen konulara tatbik edilir.<\/p>\n
(Cevher \u0130nci Alt\u0131n)<\/p>\n
Abdullah \u00d6ZT\u00dcRK<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Mezheb bir gemi, hadisler ise denizdir. Gemiyi reddeden denizde bo\u011fulur. Baz\u0131 hadisler yorumu gerekli k\u0131l\u0131yor. Mezheb tan\u0131mayan nas\u0131l yorum yapacak? \u0130mam Muhammed helal ve haram hakk\u0131nda iki y\u00fcz bin mesele halletmi\u015f iken, Ebu Hanife altm\u0131\u015f bin mesele \u00e7\u00f6zm\u00fc\u015f iken, mezheb tan\u0131mayan hangi mesele hakk\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcm verebilir veya verdi\u011fi h\u00fckme ne kadar itibar edilir. Baz\u0131 hadislerin…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6132","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-genel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6132","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6132"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6132\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6133,"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6132\/revisions\/6133"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6132"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6132"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6132"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}