{"id":141,"date":"2012-12-02T16:48:20","date_gmt":"2012-12-02T14:48:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.suristan.net\/?page_id=141"},"modified":"2013-05-11T16:03:10","modified_gmt":"2013-05-11T13:03:10","slug":"fikhul-evsat","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/?page_id=141","title":{"rendered":"FIKHU’L EVSAT"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Sat\u0131n almak i\u00e7in \u00a0SUR Tel:\u00a00507 410 82 49<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/a><\/p>\n

\n

Bu eser f\u0131kh\u0131n, Zekat, Oru\u00e7 ve Hacc ile ilgili konular\u0131n\u0131 okuyucunun anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na sunmak gayesiyle haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zekat bahsine Sadaka-i F\u0131tr Bab\u0131, Oru\u00e7 bahsine \u0130tikaf Bab\u0131 ve Hacc bahsine de Umre Bab\u0131 eklenmi\u015ftir. Bu meseleler daha \u00e7ok f\u0131kh\u0131n temel konular\u0131n\u0131 ihtiva eden ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de \u00e7ok defa sorulan ve ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan meselelerdir.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

FIKHU\u2019L- EVSAT\u2019TAN SE\u00c7MELER<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Orucun bozulmas\u0131nda genel kaide nedir?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Oru\u00e7 \u201cgirmekle\u201d, abdest ise, \u201c\u00e7\u0131kmakla\u201d bozulur.\u00a0(\u0130. Abidin 1. Cilt, 216. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Unutarak yemek orucu bozar m\u0131?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Hay\u0131r bozmaz. \u015eeyhinden naklen Haleb\u00ee diyor ki: \u201cUyuyarak namaz vaktini ge\u00e7irmek de, unutarak oru\u00e7 yemek gibidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc her ikisi haddi zat\u0131nda g\u00fcnaht\u0131r. Nitekim ulema; sabah namaz\u0131na kalkamayaca\u011f\u0131ndan korkan kimsenin, gece muhabbeti yapmas\u0131n\u0131n mekruh oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Lakin unutan veya uyuyan kimse kadir olmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in onlardan g\u00fcnah sak\u0131t olmu\u015ftur. Fakat onlar\u0131n hallerini bilen kimsenin unutana hat\u0131rlatmas\u0131, uyuyan\u0131 uyand\u0131rmas\u0131 vacibtir. Ancak zay\u0131f olursa, ac\u0131yarak orucu hat\u0131rlatmayabilir.\u201d\u00a0(\u0130. Abidin 4. Cilt, 279. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Unutan\u0131n orucunun bozulmamas\u0131n\u0131n delili nedir?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Unutan\u0131n orucunun bozulmamas\u0131, Peygamber (s.a.v.): \u201cOru\u00e7lu iken unutarak yiyip i\u00e7en kimse orucunu tamamlas\u0131n! Onu ancak Allah yedirmi\u015f ve i\u00e7irmi\u015ftir.\u201d (Buhari, M\u00fcslim) buyurdu\u011fu i\u00e7indir.\u00a0(\u0130. Abidin 4. Cilt, 293. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Unutmak \u00f6z\u00fcr say\u0131l\u0131r m\u0131?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Kul haklar\u0131nda unutmak \u00f6z\u00fcr de\u011fildir. Yani fiili \u00fczerine h\u00fck\u00fcm terett\u00fcp eder. Mesela emanet b\u0131rak\u0131lan bir \u015feyi yerse \u00f6der. Fakat ahirette muahaze cihetinden \u00f6z\u00fcrd\u00fcr; g\u00fcnah\u0131 yoktur. Nitekim Allah haklar\u0131nda b\u00f6yledir.\u00a0(\u0130. Abidin 4. Cilt, 279.- 280. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Bo\u011faz\u0131na toz, duman ka\u00e7arsa orucu bozulur mu?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Bo\u011faz\u0131na toz, duman veya sinek ka\u00e7arsa, hat\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde bile istihsanen orucu bozulmaz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bundan korunman\u0131n imkan\u0131 yoktur. Bundan \u015fu anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r ki, bo\u011faz\u0131na duman\u0131 kendisi \u00e7ekerse orucu bozulur. Hangi duman olursa olsun h\u00fck\u00fcm budur. Velev ki hat\u0131rlayarak \u00f6d veya amber \u00e7eksin. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bundan korunmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.\u00a0(\u0130. Abidin 4. Cilt, 280. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>G\u00fcl suyu yahut misk koklamak da bunun gibi midir?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Bunun g\u00fcl veya g\u00fcl suyu yahut misk koklamakla bir oldu\u011fu san\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Zira misk ve benzeri bir \u015feyle kar\u0131\u015f\u0131p g\u00fczel kokan hava ile kasten midesine inen duman\u0131n birbirinden farkl\u0131 oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. \u0130mdad.\u00a0(\u0130. Abidin 4. Cilt, 281. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Bo\u011faz\u0131na toz girmesine mani olabilirse, mani olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde orucu bozulur mu?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Evet orucu bozulur. \u015e\u00fcrunbulaliyye.\u00a0(\u0130. Abidin 4. Cilt, 281. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Kula\u011fa ya\u011f ak\u0131tmakla oru\u00e7 bozulur mu?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Kula\u011fa ya\u011f ak\u0131tmakla bilittifak oru\u00e7 bozulur. Su ka\u00e7makla bilittifak bozulmaz. Ak\u0131t\u0131l\u0131rsa bozulup bozulmayaca\u011f\u0131 ihtilafl\u0131d\u0131r. Nuh.\u00a0(\u0130. Abidin 4. Cilt, 282. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>G\u00f6ze damlat\u0131lan bir ilac\u0131n tad\u0131n\u0131, bo\u011faz\u0131nda hisseden kimsenin orucu, bozulur mu?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Bize g\u00f6re bozulmaz.\u00a0(F. Hindiyye 2. Cilt, 36. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Zekat\u0131n farz olmas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Zekat\u0131n farz olmas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fart\u0131: Ak\u0131l, b\u00fclu\u011f, m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131k, h\u00fcr olmak ve h\u00fckmen olsun zekat\u0131n farz oldu\u011funu bilmektir. Mesela: \u0130slam memleketinde olmas\u0131 h\u00fckmen bilmek say\u0131l\u0131r.\u00a0(\u0130. Abidin 4. Cilt, 10. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n

*<\/strong>\u0130htar: Ak\u0131l, b\u00fclu\u011f, m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131k, bu \u00fc\u00e7 \u015fart, namaz, zekat, oru\u00e7, hacc gibi ibadetlerin farz olmas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fart\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Mal\u0131n \u00fczerinden bir sene ge\u00e7mesi \u015fart m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Zekat\u0131n farz olmas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131ndan birisi de, mal\u0131n \u00fczerinden bir sene ge\u00e7mesidir. Zekatta kameri seneye itibar edilir. Gunye\u2019de de b\u00f6yledir.\u00a0(F. Hindiyye 1. Cilt, 579. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Zekat\u0131n v\u00fccub sebebi nedir?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Zekat\u0131n v\u00fccub sebebi nisabt\u0131r.\u00a0(El- Hidaye 1. Cilt, 229. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Zekatta nisaba malik olmak \u015fart m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Zekat\u0131n sebebi nisaba malik olmakt\u0131r. Binaenaleyh vak\u0131f hayvanlarla sebil olarak b\u0131rak\u0131lan atlara zekat verilmez. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bunlarda m\u00fclk yoktur. D\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n al\u0131p g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc mallara da zekat yoktur.\u00a0(\u0130. Abidin 4. Cilt, 11. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Zekat\u0131n farziyetine delil nedir?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Allahu Teala (c.c.) \u015f\u00f6yle buyuruyor: \u201cOnlar\u0131n mallar\u0131ndan, kendilerini temizleyece\u011fin, y\u00fcceltece\u011fin bir sadaka al.\u201d\u00a0(Tevbe: 103.)<\/em><\/p>\n

*<\/strong>Namaz\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131n, zekat\u0131 verin.\u00a0(Bakara: 43.) (Bakara: 110.) (M\u00fczzemmil: 20.) (Nur: 56.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Hangi mallara zekat d\u00fc\u015fmez?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Mesken evleri, giyilen elbiseler, ev e\u015fyas\u0131, binek hayvanlar\u0131, hizmet k\u00f6leleri ve kullan\u0131lan silahlara zekat d\u00fc\u015fmez. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bunlar\u0131n hepsi ki\u015fi i\u00e7in ihtiya\u00e7 maddeleridir ve ayn\u0131 zamanda bunlardan gelir de sa\u011flanamaz. \u0130lim ile u\u011fra\u015fan kimsenin kitaplar\u0131 ile sanatkar\u0131n sanat\u0131 ile ilgili aletleri de \u00f6yledir.\u00a0(El- Hidaye 1. Cilt, 217. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Haram mala zekat d\u00fc\u015fer mi?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>K\u0131nye\u2019de \u015f\u00f6yle deniliyor; \u201cHaram mal nisab\u0131 dolduruyorsa zekat\u0131n\u0131 vermek laz\u0131m gelmez. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o kimseye bu mal\u0131n hepsini tasadduk etmek vacibtir.\u00a0(\u0130. Abidin 4. Cilt, 67. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Haram maldan sevap uman kimsenin h\u00fckm\u00fc nedir?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Bir adam haram maldan bir fakire bir \u015fey verir de ondan sevap umarsa, kafir olur. Fakir bunu bilir de ona dua eder, veren de amin derse her ikisi kafir olurlar.\u00a0(\u0130. Abidin 4. Cilt, 68. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Kiraya verilen mala zekat d\u00fc\u015fer mi?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Hay\u0131r d\u00fc\u015fmez. Bir kimse, kullanmak veya kiraya vermek i\u00e7in, bak\u0131r kazanlar sat\u0131n alm\u0131\u015f olsa, kiral\u0131k evlere zekat olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, bunlara da zekat yoktur.\u00a0(F. Hindiyye 1. Cilt, 597. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Kira gelirine zekat d\u00fc\u015fer mi?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Evet d\u00fc\u015fer. Bir kimse, arazisini, her seneli\u011fi 300 dirhem olmak \u00fczere, \u00fc\u00e7 seneli\u011fine kiraya verse; aradan sekiz ay ge\u00e7ince, 200 dirheme sahip olsa; o zamandan itibaren bir sene ge\u00e7ince, 500 dirhemin zekat\u0131n\u0131 verir.\u00a0(F. Hindiyye 1. Cilt, 601. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Sual:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Kira gelirini hemen harc\u0131yorsa zekat d\u00fc\u015fer mi?<\/p>\n

Elcevap:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Hay\u0131r d\u00fc\u015fmez. Bir \u015fahs\u0131n, 1.000 dirhemden ba\u015fka mal\u0131 olmasa, buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k olarak, seneli\u011fi 100 dirhemden on senelik bir ev icarlasa ve bu 1.000 dirhemi de ev sahibine verse; Evini kiraya veren kimse ise, birinci ve ikinci y\u0131llar i\u00e7in zekat vermez. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, bu durumda nisab noksan bulunmaktad\u0131r. Sonra da, her sene i\u00e7in 100 dirhem art\u0131rarak, ona g\u00f6re zekat\u0131n\u0131 verir. Ancak, ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kira bedelini art\u0131rm\u0131yorsa (biriktiremiyorsa), bu kimsenin zekat vermesi gerekmez.(F. Hindiyye 1. Cilt, 602. Sh.)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bu eser f\u0131kh\u0131n, Zekat, Oru\u00e7 ve Hacc ile ilgili konular\u0131n\u0131 okuyucunun anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na sunmak gayesiyle haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zekat bahsine Sadaka-i F\u0131tr Bab\u0131, Oru\u00e7 bahsine \u0130tikaf Bab\u0131 ve Hacc bahsine de Umre Bab\u0131 eklenmi\u015ftir. Bu meseleler daha \u00e7ok f\u0131kh\u0131n temel konular\u0131n\u0131 ihtiva eden ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de \u00e7ok defa sorulan ve ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan meselelerdir. FIKHU\u2019L- EVSAT\u2019TAN SE\u00c7MELER Sual:\u00a0Orucun bozulmas\u0131nda genel…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":11,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-rightsidebar.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-141","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/141","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=141"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/141\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":805,"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/141\/revisions\/805"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/suristan.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=141"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}